I

I [] 1. name of the rune ~ ís n; 2. pron ic; gen mín; dat mé; acc méc; 3. adv not ~ nic, nicc, = no

ice [] 1. ís n; ~-blister ísgeblǽd n; fetters of ~ ísgebind n; 2. covered with ~ adj ísig icy

ichneumon [] nǽderbita m

icicle [] cielegicel²m

icy [] 1. adj ísig, ísiht covered with ice; ~ cold ísceald²; 2. ~ lake ísmere m

idle [] 1. adj ídel unemployed; ídelgeorn slothful, ǽswind slothful; ídellic vain; 2. ~ly ídellíce vainly; 3. lie ~ sv/i5 ætlicgan

idleness [] ídel n frivolity, ídelnes f vain existence, áswundennes f

idol [] ídol n [L], godgield n heathen god; offering to an ~ ídelgildoffrung f

idolatrous [] adj hearglic

idolatry [] ídelgild n vain worship

if [] 1. interrog part. ac (in a direct interrogation, where there is no corresponding term in English); 2. like as ~… conj gelíce and …

ignominious [] adj geniðred, genyðred

ignominy [] nytennes f ignorance

ignorance [] nytennes f ignominy

ignorant [] 1. adj nyten, nytenlic; 2. ~ly adv nytende; 3. be ~ irreg v/t nytan not to know

ill [] 1. adj yfel (cmp wiersa, spl wiersta, wierresta, weorsta); legerbǽre sick,legerfæst sick; áléwed weak; ~ in the liver liferséoc; 2. yfel n evil; 3. adv coðlíce; yfle (cmp wiers/wyrs, spl wierrest/wyrrest/wyrst) badly

ill deed [] yfeldǽd f injury

ill ? [] adj geléwed weak

ill-conditioned [] adj þéawléas ill-mannered

ill-disposed [] adj níðful evil

ill-mannered [] adj þéawléas ill-conditioned

illness [] ádlung f, leger n lying

illuminate [] wv/t1b inlíhtan¹ enlighten; sv/t7 geondbláwan inspire; wv/t1b líhtan shine, wv/t2 léohtian give light

illumination [] inlíhtnes f, líhtung f light

illuminator [] inlíhtend m

image of a god [] God m god

imbibe [] sv/t3 indrincan drink

imitate [] irreg wv/t1b geǽfenlǽcan, wv/t2 æfterhyrigan

imitation [] gelícbisnung f

imitator [] æfenlǽcend m

immediately [] adv instede, ísíðes, nú now

immerse [] sv/t6 áwascan bathe

imp [] wv/t2 impian implant

impede [] wv/t1b lettan¹ hinder

impel [] wv/t2 néadian¹ force

imperfect birth [] lambyrd f

imperial [] 1. adj cáserlic; 2. ~ sway cáserdóm m; ~ treasury gafolgyld

imperil [] wv/t1b plihtan compromise

impious [] adj godscyldig; lahbrecende profane

implant [] wv/t2 impian graft

implanted [] adj ingeweaxen

implement [] weaving ~ crancstæf m crank

implore [] wv/t2 áhalsian

importance [] of little ~ adj léohtlic light

important to one’s estimation [] adj inméde close to one’s heart

impose necessity [] wv/t2 geþearfian

impound [] wv/t1b gepyndan shut up

imprint (a footstep) [] wv/t1a ástæppan

improve [] wv/t2 geæðelian² render excellent

impudence [] nebwlátung f

impudent [] adj héafodbald

in [] 1. prep w.d. or a. (local) in to, prep w.g.d.a. innan, prep w.d.a. intó  into; prep w.d. or a. (temporal) in at; prep w.d., rarely a. æt (local, temporal); prep w.i. (purpose) in to; 2. adv inn inwards, innan inside, inne inside

inasmuch as [] conj nú because

inattention [] ídel n carelessness

incantation [] 1. galdor n spell, galdorcræft m occult art, galdorcwide m magic saying, galdorléoð n spell, galdorsang m, galung f; word of ~ galdorword n magic word; 2. practice ~ sv/t6 galan¹ sing charms

incarnate [] adj geflǽschamod, geflǽscod, gelíchamod

incarnation [] inflaescnes f, inlíchomung f

incense [] inbærnednes f, inbærnes f frankincense, inrécels n

incentive [] átending f

inch [] ynce m

incitement [] áwecenes f

inciter to evil [] yfeltihtend m

inciting to evil [] adj yfeltihtende

inclination [] gehwyrfednes f, gehwyrfenes f

inclined [] adj capiende sloping; ~ to w.d. gehange disposed

include [] wv/t2 geinnian, wv/t3 ymbhabban contain

incoming [] infæreld n entrance

inconsiderable [] adj gewealden small, léoht trifling

inconsiderately [] adv léohtlíce

inconstancy [] léohtmódnes f frivolity

inconstant [] adj lǽne temporary

incorporeal [] adj líchamléas

increase [] 1. ætýcnes f; 2. wv/t1b íecan¹augment; wv/t1b ætýcan add to

increased [] adj geácnod

incubus [] ælf m, f goblin

inculcate [] sv/t5 inbecweðan

incursion [] infaru f inroad

indecent [] adj ǽwisc shameless [Goth aiwisks]

indeed [] interj lá

indefatigably [] adj áblinnendlíce

indefinite [] pronoun, participle prefix á-

index-finger [] léawfinger m forefinger

Indian [] adj Indisc

indicate [] sv/t7 ingefeallan point out

indiction [] gebanngéar n, ~ (cycle of 15 years) gebann n; year of the ~ gebanngéar n

indigenous [] adj inboren native, inlende, inlendisc native

indigent [] adj þearfende needy

indignation [] ábylgnes f anger

individual [] 1. adj ánlíepig, ánlípig, ánlípe, ánlípie solitary; 2. ~ly adv namcúðlíce by name

indolent [] 1. ~ (of the mind) adj capiende negligent; 2. wv/t2 latian¹ be slow

indoor work [] inweorc n

indoors [] adv inne inside

industrious [] adj notgeorn

inevitableness [] níed f

inexperienced [] adj níwe untried

infamous [] adj ǽwisclic disgraceful

infant [] 1. adj cildgeong youthful; 2. cild n child, lýtling m child

inferior [] adj niðerlic lowly

inferiority [] æftergengnes f

infirmity [] ádl f disease, áléfednes f

inflame [] sv/t7 gebláwan kindle, wv/t1b inhǽtan

inflate [] sv/t7 inbláwan puff up, wv/t1b geblǽdan puff up

inflation [] ábláwnes f, ábláwung f swelling

inflict evil [] wv/t2 yfelian¹ hurt

inform [] sv/t7 ingefeallan disclose

infringement [] gebryce m breach

infuse [] wv/t1b indaelan

infusion [] ingyte m pouring in

ing [] suffix, as in earming, lytling (originally patronymic)

ingenious [] adj geþancful clever, þancsnotor², þancsnottor²wise

ingress [] infær n entrance, ingang m entrance

inhabit [] irreg v/t w.a. gebúan occupy, irreg v/t inbúan¹, wv/t2 geondeardian, wv/t2 ineardian dwell in

inhabitant [] inbúend m, landbúend m native; ~s landwaru f population; ~s of (North) Wales Norðwéalcynn n

inhabited [] adj gebún

inherit [] wv/t2 ierfian possess, wv/t1b yrfan, wv/t2 yrfeweardian¹

inheritance [] yrfeláf f bequest; dispute about an ~ yrfeflit n; division of an ~ yrfegedál n

inherited land [] yrfeland n

inimically [] adv láðe in detestation

initiated [] newly ~ adj nílǽred

injunction of the law [] ǽbebod n command

injure [] wv/t1b átǽsan strike, wv/t1b nǽtan¹afflict, wv/t2 geǽwierdlian, wv/t2 yfelian¹ wrong

injured [] adj gebrócod afflicted

injury [] clacu f, æfwyrdelsa m damage, æfwyrdla m damage; gyrnstafas m pl affliction, láð n harm, lǽw f, leahtor m disease; yfeldǽd f ill deed, yflung f, anda m mischief; fine for ~ or loss æfwyrdla m; revenge for ~ gyrnwracu²f

inland [] services due to the lord on his ~ inwaru f

inmost [] adj innemest most intimate

inner [] 1. adj innera, innra, inra interior [cmp of in, inna]; innancund internal, inweard internal, inweardlic; 2. adv innor

innocent [] adj clǽne chaste; láðléas inoffensive

Innocents’ Day [] Cildamæssedæg m (Dec 28) Childermas

inoffensive [] adj láðléas innocent

in-pouring [] ingéoting f

inquire into [] wv/t2 æfterspyrian examine

inquiry [] 1. geáscung f asking; 2. find out by ~ sv/t5 gefricgan learn

inroad [] infaru f incursion

insatiable [] adj gítsiendlic

inscription [] inwritting f, ináwrittung f

insert [] sv/t3 crimman¹ put in

inserted [] adj ingeseted placed in

inside [] 1. adv inne indoors; innan within; ~ of inn within; 2. innoð m, f entrails

insignificance [] gehwǽdnes f smallness

insinuate [] sv/t6 áspanan urge

insipid [] adj ǽmelle

inspect [] wv/t1b néosan, wv/t2 néosian search out

inspection [] inscéawung f view

inspector [] inscéawere m

inspiration [] inéðung f breathing, ingyte m infusion

inspire [] sv/t7 geondbláwan illuminate, sv/t7 inbláwan breathe upon

inspired [] adj áblǽst furious

instability [] léasmódnes f

instant [] 1. handhwíl f; 2. ~ly  adv ǽdre at once

instigation [] lár f advice

instigation [] pútung f

institute [] 1. ásetnes f law; 2. wv/t1a ástellan establish, wv/t1a insettan

institution [] inseten f

instruct [] wv/t1b gelǽran teach, wv/t1b lǽran¹teach

instruction [] lárdóm m teaching, láréowdóm m function of a teacher; láttéowdóm m guidance

instructress [] lǽrestre f

instrument [] cræft m machine; iron ~ ísen n, ísengelóma m weapon; wind ~ pípe f [L]; ~ of torture pínungtól n, léad n

insufficiency [] gelýtlung f want

insult [] æfðanc m, æfðanca m offence; láð n annoyance

intellect [] andgiet n, andgiete f understanding, gearowita m understanding

intellectual [] adj clǽne sagacious

intelligent [] 1. adj andgitol, andgietful sensible, cyrten, gerádod; 2. ~ly adv gerádlíce clearly, cyrtenlíce intelligently

intelligible [] 1. adj andgietfullic clear; 2. ~ly adv andgietfullíce

intend [] irreg wv/t1b áðencan

intent [] evil ~ níðhete²m hostility; hostile ~ inwitþanc²m evil thought

intention [] 1. anginn n design, gerád n; ingehygd f, ingehýd f, ingehíd f meaning, ingehygdnes f; ingeþanc m, n thought; 2. ~ally adv (his) gewealdes

intercede [] wv/t2 ǽrendian¹ , wv/t2 geǽrendian go on an errand

intercept [] wv/t1b áræfsan

intercourse [] gaderwist¹f companionship

interest [] gafol n usury

interior [] 1. adj inlic, incund internal; innera, innra, inra inner; 2. ~ly adv incundlíce; 3. infæreld n

interlock [] sv/i2 lúcan intertwine

internal [] 1. adj incund interior, secret; inlic interior; inweardlic, innancund inward, inweard inward; 2. ~ly adv inlíce, incundlíce

interpret [] irreg wv/t1b átellan explain; sv/t7 árǽdan prophesy

interpretation [] intrahtnung f

interpreter [] latimer m

intertwine [] sv/i2 lúcan twist

interval [] ginnes f gap

intestinal worm [] innanwyrm m, inwyrm m

intestine [] þearm m entrail

intimate [] adj néahfeald, néahfealdlic; most ~ innemest closest

into [] 1. prep w.d. or a. (local) in in, prep w.d.a. into in, prep w.d., rarely a. æt (local) toward, prep w.g.d.a. innan prep w.a.? inn on; 2. adv inn inwards, inn on

intrigue [] artful ~ inwitsearu n

intrinsic [] adj inweard deep

introduce [] wv/t1b inlǽdan bring in

intruder [] ingenga m visitor

inundation [] ýðung f

invade [] sv/t7 inswógan

invariable [] 1. adj ánfald, ánfeald, ánfealdlic fixed; 2. adv ~ly ánfaldlíce, ánfealdlíce

invent [] irreg wv/t1b áðencan devise

invest [] sv/t5 ymbsittan besiege

investigate [] wv/t2 áscrútnian examine, wv/t2 áswaðian

investigation [] fandung f trial

investigator [] áspyrgend m

invitation [] laðung¹f calling

invite [] wv/t2 inlaðian, wv/t2 ingelaðian, wv/t2 laðian call upon

inviter [] inlaðigend m

invocation [] cígung¹f calling, incégung f, gecígnes f calling, gecígung f calling

invoke [] wv/t1b cíegan summon, wv/t2 namnian name, wv/t1b ingecígan, ingecégan call upon, wv/t1b nemnan, wv/t2 nemnian

involuntary agent [] nýdwyrhta m

inward [] 1. adj inlic, incund internal, innancund, innecund, inweard; 2. ~ly adv inlíce, incundlíce, inn, inweardlíce; ~s inn into

inward part [] piða m pith; ~s inweard noun

io [] name of the rune for ~ íor m

iris [] læfer f reed

irksome [] adj áþrotsum

iron [] 1. adj ísen; ~-clad ísnod; ~-gray ísengrǽg; ~-hard ísenheard; of ~ ísen; with ~ fittings ísenhyrst; 2. ísen n; ~ bond ísenbend²m, f fetter; ~ box yrsebin f; ~ chariot nægledcræt n; ~-clad army ísenhere m; ~-clad troop ísenþréat m; ~ corselet ísenbyrne f; dross of ~? ísenswát? m; ~ fetter ísenfetor f; goad-~ gádírenn, gádísenn goad; ~-hard ísenhearde f black centaury; ~ helmet ísenhelm m; ~ instrument ísen n, ísengelóma m weapon; ~ mine ísenóre f, ísengræf m; ordeal by ~ ísenordál n; ordeal of red-hot ~ ísen n; ~ shovel ísenscofl f; ~ weapon ísen²n sword; 3. cover with ~ wv/t2 ísnian¹

irrigated [] adj þán moist

irritate [] sv/t3 ábelgan offend, wv/t1b ábylgan, ábyligan provoke, wv/t2 iersian¹enrage

irritation [] ábolgennes f

is not [] verb form nis

island [] íeg f, íegland n; ~er íegbúend m; neighboring ~ néahéaland n; small ~ iggað m, iggoð m, ígeoð m, ígoð m eyot

ivy [] 1. ífig n; ~-bark ífigrind f; cluster of ~-berries ífigcrop m, ífigcroppa m; ~-grove ífigbearu m; ~-leaf ífigléaf n; ~-tar ífigtearu n, ífigtara n resin from tar; ~-twig ífigtwig n; 2. adj ~-colored ífiht

J

jacinth [] íacinctus m, íacintus m [L hyacinthus]

jail [] carcærn n, carcern n [L carcer] prison

jailor [] cǽgbora m key-bearer, carcernweard m

jar [] night-~ nihthræfn m, nihthrefn m, nihthremn m night-raven

jasper []geaspis m?

jaundice [] gealádl f gall-disease

javelin [] gár²m spear, pǽl m, píl m arrow [L pilum], gafeluc m spear; wood or handle of a ~ gárbéam m spear-shaft; ~-bearer gárberend²m soldier

jaw [] céace f cheek, céacbán n cheekbone; ~s geaflas²m pl; disease of the ~s ceafládl f; swelling of the ~s géagiswile m

jaw-ache [] céacádl f

jawbone [] céace f cheek

jealous [] 1. adj andig envious; 2. ~y ǽmynd f, andung f; 3. be envious or ~ wv/i2 andian

jeering [] canc¹n scorn

jest [] wv/t1a gabban mock

jester [] léasere m fool

jesting [] 1. adj glíwlic mimic; 2. gabbung f mocking; gamenungf pastime

jet [] gagátes m indecl, gagátstán m precious stone

jewel [] gærsum m, n, f costly gift

Jewish [] adj Iúdéisc

Jews (the ~) [] Iúdéas m pl

jocose [] adj gálsmǽre facetious

jocular [] adj plegol playful

join [] wv/t1b gadertengan continue; wv/t1b gelíman cement, wv/t2 gefangian, wv/t1b áfégan; ~ with wv/t1b geǽnan unite oneself to

joining [] gaderung¹f assembly

joints of the spine [] gelyndu n pl

joke [] wv/t2 gamenian pun

jot [] pricel m, pricels m tittle

journey [] 1. gang m going, ýting f outing; lád f course; compulsory ~ níedfaru f death; merry ~ gamenwáðf joyous path; painful ~ láðsíð m death; ~ round ymbfær n circuit, ymbfæreld n, m circuit; merry ~ gamenwáðf; painful ~ carsíð m; 2. wv/i1b lástas lecgan go; ~ around wv/t1b ymbféran go about

joy [] gamenn mirth/ pastime, glædnes f gladness, glædscipe m gladness; geféanes f, glíwstæf m melody; liss f peace [formerly líðs]; vain ~ ídelbliss f

joyfulness [] gefeohtsumnes f

joyous [] adj glædmód cheerful

judge (wicked ~) [] yfeldéma m

jug [] céac m pitcher; a ~ full céacfull 

juice (plum ~) [] plúmséaw n

July [] Gíuling m, Giúluling m

jump [] sv/t7 lácan leap

junction of roads [] gelǽte n [ON lǽti]

junior member of a guild [] cniht m

junior warriors (as opposed to duguð) [] geoguð f

juniper [] cwicbéam m aspen

jurisdiction [] abbatial ~ abboddóm m abbacy

just before [] adv hwéne ǽr

just now [] adv ǽrost first of all

justification [] geléfenscipe m, gelíefenscipe m; abbatial ~ abboddóm m; ~ or office of an abbot (used even of a convent of nuns) [] abbodríce n abbey

justify [] wv/t2 w.g. or a. clǽnsian clear oneself

Jutes [] the ~ Iotas m pl